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๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฉ”๋‰ด

What a story

"~ed๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ง? ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ์™„์ „์ •๋ณต!" ๋ณธ๋ฌธ

์ž ๊น์—ฌ๊ธฐ

"~ed๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ง? ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ์™„์ „์ •๋ณต!"

Whatastory 2025. 6. 27. 00:00

๐Ÿ“˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ž€?

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ(past participle)๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ, ๋ณดํ†ต -ed๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ˆ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋ผ์š”.

์˜ˆ:

  • work → worked → worked
  • go → went → gone
  • eat → ate → eaten

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฏธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์™„๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ œ, ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ, ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ด์š”.

์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์  ์—ญํ• ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š” ๐Ÿ˜Š

 


๐ŸŒˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ญํ• ์€?

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์š”:

  1. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฐ€ ๋•Œ
  2. ์ˆ˜๋™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๋•Œ
  3. ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์‹œ
  4. ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ(๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ž‘)

โœ… 1. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์  ์—ญํ• 

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์š”.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ:

  • The broken window was dangerous.
  • I threw away the spoiled milk.
  • She wore a torn dress.
  • The bored students left early.
  • He looked at the damaged car.

๐Ÿ‘‰ '๊นจ์ง„, ์ƒํ•œ, ์ฐข์–ด์ง„, ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ, ์†์ƒ๋œ' ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋‹นํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์š”.


โœ… 2. ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ํ‘œํ˜„ (be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ)

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ํ‘œํ˜„์—์„œ๋„ ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์š”. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ~๋˜์–ด์ง€๋‹ค์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ:

  • The book was written by a famous author.
  • The letter was sent yesterday.
  • The house was built in 2001.
  • The phone was stolen.
  • The picture was taken by her.

๐Ÿ‘‰ 'be๋™์‚ฌ + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ' ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ ธ์š”.


โœ… 3. ์™„๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ (have + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ)

ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ชจ๋‘ have/has/had + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์š”.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ:

  • I have finished my homework. (ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ)
  • She has lived here for 5 years. (ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ)
  • They had left before I arrived. (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ)
  • He has broken the window.
  • We have eaten lunch already.

๐Ÿ‘‰ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์ž‘์ด ํ˜„์žฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ผ์š”.


โœ… 4. ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ผ์š”.

์ด๋•Œ, '~๋˜์–ด์ง„ ์ฑ„๋กœ', '~๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.

์˜ˆ๋ฌธ:

  • Left alone, the child cried.
  • Surprised by the news, she dropped her phone.
  • Invited to the party, he felt excited.
  • Finished, the work was sent by email.
  • Shocked, he couldn’t speak.

๐Ÿ‘‰ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‹นํ•œ ์ผ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์š”.


๐Ÿง  ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ vs ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ž„์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์š”.

ํ‘œํ˜„์˜๋ฏธ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ

interesting ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” (ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ) The movie is interesting.
interested ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ) I am interested.
boring ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” The class is boring.
bored ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ์„ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” She is bored.

โœจ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํŠน์ง• ์š”์•ฝ

โœ” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ 3๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ (๊ทœ์น™/๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋‹ค์–‘)
โœ” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ์š” (์ˆ˜๋™์˜ ๋œป)
โœ” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ: be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
โœ” ์™„๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ œ: have/has/had + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
โœ” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋™ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ผ์š”
โœ” ๊ฐ์ • ํ‘œํ˜„ ์‹œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฐจ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”


โœ๏ธ ์—ฐ์Šต๋ฌธ์ œ (๋‚ด์‹  ์Šคํƒ€์ผ)

[๋ฌธ์ œ 1]

๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€?

a. She is singing a song.
b. He read a boring book.
c. I have eaten lunch.
d. The broken chair was fixed.
e. They are watching TV.

์ •๋‹ต: d


[๋ฌธ์ œ 2]

๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€?

a. They built the house.
b. The house was built in 1990.
c. I am building a house.
d. He builds houses.
e. We will build it tomorrow.

์ •๋‹ต: b


[๋ฌธ์ œ 3]

๋‹ค์Œ ์ค‘ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€?

a. She has finished her project.
b. She finishes her project.
c. She was finishing her project.
d. She is finishing her project.
e. She finish her project.

์ •๋‹ต: a


 

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